Views: 112 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2021-04-19 Origin: Site
Carving refers to whittling or carving wood, stone or other materials into the desired shape. Essential woodworking tools for this purpose include knives, chisels, gouges, flat axes and hammers. Whittling and carving are both techniques utilized in carving. Woodworking tools for beginners also include mini portable grinder, nail machine, polishing tool, etc.
The first step in carving is to chisel rough blank, because it is the basis of the whole work. It generalizes all the modeling details of the design with concise geometry and initially forms the outer and inner contours of the work. The fundamental main point of chiselling blank are from top to bottom, from front to back, from outside to inside and from shallow to deep. It starts from the surface of the wood and pushes inward layer by layer. The whittling method is mainly applied in chiselling blank, which is with relatively low requirement and with high speed.
Then it is required that knife skills should be mellow and fluent and has full expression when fine blank is engraved. At this time, the carving technique is basically applied. Then apply the method of fine carving and thin knife dense cutting method to remove the knife mark and gouge in the fine blank so that the surface of the work is fine and perfect. It is required that the knife trace should be clear and fine, or round, or straight, so as to show the details and texture of each part.
How to whittle wood quickly and stably within the control range? The correct way of whittling is to judge the direction of wood grain and the direction of whittling wood grain should be horizontal or oblique. The cutter and the wood should be at a small angle, not at a right angle.
In the carving process, the carving knife should be at a small angle with the wood grain. The smaller the angle is, the less effort it will be. But at the same time, the thinner the wood is, the lower the cutting efficiency will be. Conversely, the larger the cutting angle is, the more force will be needed, but the cutting efficiency will be very high. That is why a mallet is needed to beat rough blank. It can be cut quickly in the stage of beating rough and the whittling speed and efficiency can be improved. In addition to the angle of the knife, the edges and corners of the wood should also be tried to be found for whittling so that it is easier to cut.
There are many kinds of carving knives, which are basically divided into two categories. One is the‘Weng tubular shape’blank knife. The other is the‘drill strip shape’polishing knife, which is mainly for engraving fine blanks and polishing.
Auxiliary wood carving tools mainly refer to hammers, wood files, axes and saws.
The purpose of axe and saw is to cut or saw wood in a great quantity which is cooporated with the production of rough blanks. Be careful not to use too much force when cutting. Do not cut straight up and down. Axe blade and vertical grain should be maintained at about 45 degrees. Otherwise, wood will crack.
The wood file is mainly utilized in the fine blank stage of round carving. It can replace the flat knife to smooth the knife mark and chisel mark for polishing. It can also replace the round knife or oblique knife for hollowing out treatment. The file can also quickly adjust the modeling structure in a large area and can be applied in combination with a carving knife.
The shapes of wooden hammers are flat, even, wide and square. The scale of hammer surface can be controlled about 7×5.5×2.5 cm. If it is too narrow or too thick, it will affect the accuracy of the hammer impact point and force uniformity.
The auxiliary tools of wood carving also include small woodworking electric polisher and electric pistol drill. The purpose of small polishing machine is only for surface treatment of finished works. Hand held polisher can be applied for large area polishing instead of hand work, which is time-saving and labor-saving, but it is only limited for large and medium-sized works with flat volume. The electric mini drill is mainly to hollow out and drill holes by hand. When large-scale sculptures are made, it can be applied to dot and cut the outline.
